Nilsun Demir

In this study, the effects of sunflower seed meal utilization as a varying dietary protein replacement for the fish meal in diets on growth performance was investigated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 1758). So as to determine theoptimum incorporation level of sunflower seed meal, four isoenergetic and isocaloric diet was prepared. The fish meal was used as an animal protein source in control group (C), whereas the other three experimental diets contained sunflower seed meal at a 15% (AT15), 30% (AT30) and 45% (AT45) incorporation levels. The meat composition of carp and also, the monthly alterations in proteins and fatty acids profile were determined within 6 months of frozen storage at -18ºC. The growth parameters, gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and fillet efficiency (FE) were calculated in carp which was fed with four different experimental diets during 12 weeks. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), total volatile base nitrogen (TVB – N), free fatty acids (FFA), the distribution of fatty acids, aterogenic index (AI) and trombogenic index (TI)were assessed for every month during 6 months of frozen storage in carp. The sodium dodesil sulphate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS – PAGE) were done in stored samples with periods of three months.

The weight gain, absolute growth and specific growth rate of fish fed with K and AT15 diets were  higher than other trial groups. The feed conversion ratio was increased with increasing  incorporation level of sunflower seed meal, whereas the protein efficiency ratio was reduced. The  variation of condition factor and survival rate was observed to be insignificant among groups (p>0.05). Similarly, with regard to GSI no statistically significant difference was found in female  and male fish among groups (p> 0.05), whereas HSI was decreased in all treatment groups. During the  frozen storage period, an increase was observed in all groups regarding FE when compared to the  values at the beginning of the frozen storage. The values of TBA, TVB – N and SYA were increased in  all groups during frozen storage. A decrease was observed in TBA and decosaheksaenoik acid (DHA)  values in the 4. and 5. months of frozen storage and this difference among groups was found  statistically significant (p< 0.05). For eicosapentaenoik acid (EPA), the difference between the  fish fed with AT30 and other treatment groups was found statistically significant (p< 0.05). The  variation of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar protein concentrations among groups was found  statistically significant at the beginning of frozen storage (p< 0.05). The effects of tannin found  in sunflower seed meal on GH and IGF-I was investigated. IGF-I was expressed in both liver and  brain while GH was only expressed in 10 samples at brain tissue.

Ankara Üniversitesi BAP

2007-2010